The major aid you're required to give here is direct and indirect pressures. Indirect pressure is mostly for moderate to severe bleeding uncontrolled by direct pressure.
EXTERNAL BLEEDING
* If possible, start with washing of your hand,avoid contact with the person's blood or body fluids. Use gloves or plastic (waterproof) bag to cover your hand.
[ DIRECT PRESSURE ]
* Use a pad, clean cloth or hand to apply direct pressure over the wound for 10-15 minutes (for mild and moderate bleeding). For severe bleeding,keep applying the pressure.
* Remove obvious dirt and debris but do not remove embedded foreign material in the wound. Just apply pressure beside it.
* Raise the affected area (this reduces blood flow to the area),...if it's in the arm,you can make an arm sling with a cloth or any available material.
* Raise the person's leg (this returns move blood to the rest of the body and to vital organs like the heart.brain,kidney...)
* If the bleeding stops, hold the pad in place with a bandage.
* Rest the person and the affected part.
* Cover the person to provide warmth.
* For mild bleeding,pressure can stop it and you may then use ur tools in first aid for dressing of the wound or seek help. Medical attention will be needed for moderate to severe bleeding.
* If blood leaks through the padding, apply a second pad over the first one. If the pad is soaked with blood,remove quickly and apply another pad.
* In a case of amputated part, secure the part in a container or a plastic bag and take it with you to the hospital.
[ INDIRECT PRESSURE ]
* If with the above measure the bleeding still continues (and medical help is not available yet)...SQUEEZE A MAIN ARTERY.
Apply a pressure to the artery delivering blood to the area...
Pressure points on the body:
#For arm:
Apply pressure on the inside of the arm just above the elbow and another just below the armpit.
#For leg:
Apply pressure just behind the knee and another in the groin.
Squeez the main artery in these areas against the bone. Keep your fingers flat while with your other hand,continue to exert pressure on the wound itself.
INTERNAL BLEEDING
Seek medical attention at once.
Pointers:
_bleeding from body cavities
_vomiting or coughing up blood
_bruising on neck,chest,abdomen or side
_wound that have penetrated the skull,chest and abdomen.
_abdominal pain tenderness following a trauma, possibly accompanied by rigidity or spasm of the abdominal muscles
_fractures
_shock,indicated by weakness,thirst or skin that's cool to the touch.
WHAT TO DO:
* Lay the person with the head lower than the rest of the body,or just lay flat if the former is not possible. Then elevate the legs.
NOTE:
Some people would prefer managing mild wound at home. But remember that if the wound is deep or resulted from a rusty,metal object,the person requires a tetanus shot.
Tetanus booster doses are given every 10years.
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